SCIENTIFIC NAME : Achyranthes aspera
FAMILY: Amaranthaceae
Apamarga, scientifically known as Achyranthes aspera, is a hardy perennial herb native to Asia, Africa, and Australia. It is characterized by its erect, slender stem, growing up to 1 meter in height. The leaves are simple, lance-shaped, and arranged oppositely along the stem. The plant produces inconspicuous greenish-white flowers in dense spikes. The fruits are small, egg-shaped, and contain numerous tiny seeds. Apamarga is well adapted to various climates and can be found in a wide range of habitats, from grasslands to wastelands.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
Apamarga contains several biologically active chemical constituents, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The plant is a rich source of triterpenoid saponins, such as achyranthine and oleanolic acid. These compounds contribute to its medicinal properties. Additionally, it contains flavonoids like rutin, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The presence of alkaloids and tannins in Apamarga also adds to its therapeutic potential.
PROPERTIES ACCORDING TO AYURVEDA In Ayurveda, Apamarga is known for its therapeutic properties. It is described as having a bitter taste (Rasa), light and dry qualities (Guna), a heating potency (Virya), and a pungent post-digestive effect (Vipaka). According to Ayurvedic texts, Apamarga is used to treat various ailments, including digestive disorders and skin conditions. The following shloka from the Bhavaprakasha describes its properties:
“अपामार्गः कटुकटुकश्च तिक्तो दुःस्थिरो बली।
वर्ण्यो मेदः पित्तश्चापि विषापहः कुष्ठनाशनः॥”
BENEFITS
1.Digestive Health: Apamarga is used to alleviate digestive disorders like indigestion, diarrhea, and dysentery. It helps in regulating bowel movements and relieving gastrointestinal discomfort.
2.Anti-Inflammatory: Its anti-inflammatory properties make it useful in treating inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis and joint pain. It can be applied topically or consumed internally.
3.Wound Healing: Apamarga is known for its wound-healing abilities. It can be applied as a paste to wounds and ulcers to promote faster healing and prevent infections.
4.Anti-Helminthic: It has been traditionally used as an anthelmintic to expel intestinal worms, particularly in children.
5.Skin Disorders: Apamarga is beneficial in managing skin problems like eczema, psoriasis, and acne due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
While Apamarga offers numerous health benefits, it should be used with caution. It is not recommended for pregnant or nursing women, and individuals with allergies to plants in the Amaranthaceae family should avoid it. Excessive consumption may lead to digestive disturbances, so it should be used in moderation.